This chapter examines the Liberal Party’s sharp decline in electoral support, culminating in its record‑low primary vote in the 2025 federal election, where only one in three Australians—and just 23% of voters under 40—supported the party. The chapter situates this outcome within a long‑term trend beginning in the 1990s, driven by the erosion of the Liberals’ traditional issue ownership, particularly on economic management, and by profound generational change. Millennials and Gen Z—now nearly half the electorate—are increasingly abandoning major parties, especially the Coalition, as they embrace progressive values and prioritise issues such as climate change. Unpopular leaders and perceived disconnects from younger voters’ concerns have accelerated this shift. Using Australian Election Study data from 1996–2022, the chapter analyses generational voting patterns and tests the hypothesis that demographic replacement is undermining the Liberal Party’s viability. It concludes with strategic recommendations for re‑engaging younger Australians and realigning the party’s policy agenda.
